[ Log In | Register]
! Skip Navigation Links
Skip Navigation Links
Image of Journal of Applied Nonlinear Dynamics
ISSN:2325-6192 (print)
ISSN:2325-6206 (online)
Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management
António Mendes Lopes (editor), Jiazhong Zhang(editor)
António Mendes Lopes (editor)

University of Porto, Portugal

Email: aml@fe.up.pt

Jiazhong Zhang (editor)

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China

Fax: +86 29 82668723 Email: jzzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

Industrial Ecology Opportunities between CHP and Arable Farming in Alloa, Scotland

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 3(3) (2015) 299--307 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2015.09.008

Kai Whiting$^{1}$; Luis Gabriel Carmona$^{2}$

$^{1}$ Faculty of Engineering, Universidad EAN, Bogotá, Colombia

$^{2}$ Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Universidad Piloto de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

Download Full Text PDF

 

Abstract

This paper addresses the potential for industrial ecology application at Alloa, Clackmannanshire, Scotland, between a consortium of arable farmers and a waste-to energy company. For improved onsite production, the average annual energy required to maintain the farmers’ proposed 3 ha greenhouse at optimal temperature (21°C during the day and 16°C at night) was calculated as 1448.8 MJ/m2. The coldest average temperatures, registered in February result in an energy requirement of around 3000 MJ/m2. The optimal quantity of carbon dioxide for the proposed glasshouse equates to 4032 kg of CO2 per day. In addition, the fertiliser produced by the waste-to-energy company will reduce the pesticide and chemical based nitrogen/potassium/phosphate demand. The authors identified that the heat, carbon dioxide and fertiliser produced at the proposed 10 MW CHP plant could be utilised by the consortium to produce higher quality food products in a symbiotic manner. The calculations undertaken indicate that the project is technically viable.

References

  1. [1]  Benton Jones, J (2007) Tomato Plant Culture: In the Field, Greenhouse, and Home Garden, Second Edition CRC Press
  2. [2]  Bot, G (2001) Developments in Indoor Sustainable Plant Production with Emphasis on Energy Saving. Computer and Electronics in Agriculture,30, 151-165.
  3. [3]  Creed, C, Roberts, H and Birkenshaw, J (2014) An Economic Analysis of the Potential Returns Achieved from Growing 10 Specific Horticultural Crops in Wales AdasCymru http://www.horticulturewales.co.uk/UserFiles/Crop%20Calculator/FINAL%20Economics%20of%20Horticulture%20Report.pdf [Accessed April 2015]
  4. [4]  Dijkgraaf, E and Vollebergh (2004) Burn or Bury? A Social Cost Comparison of Final Waste Disposal Methods Ecological Economics50 p233-247.
  5. [5]  FAOUN (1998) Crop evapotraspiration – Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements. Chapter 3. http://www.fao.org/docrep/X0490E/x0490e07.htm#calculation%20procedures [Accessed 27th February 2011]
  6. [6]  FDEA (2009). Carbon and Water Footprint of Oranges and Strawberries. http://www.saiplatform.org/uploads/Library/WG%20Fruit%20-%20ART%20Final%20Report.pdf [Accessed 16th March 2011]
  7. [7]  Hargreaves, J. Adl, M and Warman, P (2008) A Review of the Use of Composted Municipal Solid Waste in Agriculture Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 123, 1-14.
  8. [8]  IE - Institute of Engineers (2008) Energy Reports: Energy from Municipal Solid Waste ICE 2008 Available Online http://www.ice.org.uk/getattachment/1fded829-cb29-4e3e-b2d7-661bab64421f/Energy-status-report---Energy-from-municipalsolid.aspx [Accessed 13/02/11]
  9. [9]  Insite (2010) The Future of Architecture http://www.insiteindia.in/pdf/2010/december/Insite%20Story.pdf [Accessed 6th March 2011]
  10. [10]  Jones, D, Williamson, K and Own, A (2006) Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate Waste Management,26, 825-837.
  11. [11]  Lowe, J and Hardy, K (2008) MCCIP Annual Report Card 2007-2008 Scientific Review Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership http://www.mccip.org.uk/media/3507/sea-level%28future%29.pdf[Accessed April 2015]
  12. [12]  Macleod, M (2007) Scientists Map Out Alarming Future of Coastlines Scotland on Sunday 18/02/07 http://scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com/science/Scientists-map-out-alarming-future.3347998.jp[Accessed Feb 2011]
  13. [13]  Manahan, S (1999) Industrial Ecology: Environmental Chemistry and Hazardous Waste CRC Press
  14. [14]  Massa, D, Incrocci, Maggini, R, Bibbiani, C, Carmassi, G, Malorgio, F and Pardossi, A (2011) Simulation of Crop Water and Mineral Relations in Greenhouse Soils Culture Environmental Modelling & Software, 26, 711-722.
  15. [15]  MetOffice. Leuchars 1971-2000 averages. [online]. Available from: http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/19712000/sites/leuchars.html [Accessed Feb 2015]
  16. [16]  Peet, M and Welles, G (2005) Greenhouse Tomato Production [Within] Heuvelink, E Tomatoes. Wallingford: CABI Publishing
  17. [17]  Riggi, E and Avola, G (2008) Fresh Tomato Packinghouses Waste as High Added-Value BiosourceResources, Conservation and Recycling, 53, 96-106.
  18. [18]  Scottish Executive Scottish Climate Change Programme Consultation (2000) http://www.scotland.gov.uk/consultations/clim.pdf [Accessed Feb 2011]
  19. [19]  Scottish Executive (2011) Putting the Brake on Belching Bovines http://www.scottish-enterprise.com/start-your-business/proof-ofconcept- programme/proof-of-concept-projects/putting-the-brake-on-belching-bovines.aspx [Accessed March 2011]
  20. [20]  Scottish Government (2010) Scotland’s National Food and Drink Policy: Supporting the Growth of Our Food and Drink Industry Scottish Government Crown Copyright http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/332082/0108058.pdf [Accessed Feb 2011]
  21. [21]  SEPA – Scottish Environment Protection Agency (2010) Indicative River & Coastal Flood Map http://go.mappoint.net/sepa/ [Accessed March 2011]
  22. [22]  Slack, G and Calvert, A (1972). Control of Carbon Dioxide Concentration in Glasshouses by the Use of Conductimetric Controllers. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,17, 107-115.
  23. [23]  Sniffer (2008) Coastal Flooding in Scotland: A Scoping Study. Code FRM 10 http://www.sniffer.org.uk/ [Accessed April 2015]
  24. [24]  Waldron, K, Moates, G and Faulds, C (2010) Total Food: Sustainability of the Agri-food Chain Royal Society of Chemistry
  25. [25]  Wass, S and Barrie, I (1984) Application of a Model for Calculating Glasshouse Energy Requirements. Energy in Agriculture. 3, 99- 108.

Copyright © 2011-2023 L & H Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. Wildcard SSL Certificates