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ISSN:2325-6192 (print)
ISSN:2325-6206 (online)
Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management
António Mendes Lopes (editor), Jiazhong Zhang(editor)
António Mendes Lopes (editor)

University of Porto, Portugal

Email: aml@fe.up.pt

Jiazhong Zhang (editor)

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China

Fax: +86 29 82668723 Email: jzzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

Digital Technologies and Green Energy in the Agricultural Sector of Central Asian Countries

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 14(4) (2026) 703--717 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2026.12.011

Gulzat Dzhidibaeva, Chinara Adamkulova, Saltanat Omurova, Nelli Akylbekova, Elvira Satylganova

Higher School Doctoral Studies, Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn, Bishkek, 720033, Kyrgyz Republic

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to identify the impact of innovative technologies on the productivity of agricultural systems and environmental sustainability. In Kazakhstan, digital monitoring systems were used on 640,000 hectares (9.5% of land), and in Kyrgyzstan, on 42,000 hectares (6.3%). Drones provided mapping with a resolution of 5 and 6.5 cm/pixel, reducing erosion by 8.6% and 6.1%, respectively, while no improvement was observed in the control fields. Internet of Things sensors increased the accuracy of frost forecasts to 93.4% in Kazakhstan and 89.6% in Kyrgyzstan, protecting 4,800 and 620 hectares of orchards from significant losses during monitoring. Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis detected plant stress 12-15 and 8-10 days earlier than visual signs, reducing mortality by 11.7% and 8.9%, respectively, compared with 19.6% and 15.7% in the control fields. The introduction of green energy increased productivity. Solar panels covered 62% and 55% of energy needs, generating 520-540 and 480-500 kWh/ha, respectively, and increasing greenhouse crop yields by 12.5%, compared with 2-3% in the control fields. Biogas plants produced 4,100 and 2,900 m$^3$/month, covering 38% and 33% of heating requirements, increasing germination by 6.7% and 5.9-6.2%, and corn yield by 7.0% and 8.1%. Small hydropower plants covered 47% and 41% of pumping station demand, respectively, increasing irrigation productivity by 18.2% and 15-16%, and providing yield increases (wheat +8.5-10.4%, potato +9.2%). The final results showed that the experimental fields in both countries demonstrated increased yields, improved soil properties, and reduced losses, while the control areas continued to experience resource overuse and yield shortfalls. The practical value of the study lies in the potential use of the data obtained to develop digitalisation strategies and implement green energy in the agricultural sector.

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