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Image of Journal of Applied Nonlinear Dynamics
ISSN:2325-6192 (print)
ISSN:2325-6206 (online)
Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management
António Mendes Lopes (editor), Jiazhong Zhang(editor)
António Mendes Lopes (editor)

University of Porto, Portugal

Email: aml@fe.up.pt

Jiazhong Zhang (editor)

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China

Fax: +86 29 82668723 Email: jzzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

Design and Implementation of a Digital Controller Method Based on Complex EOG Signal Processing for External Devices Input Control

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 13(3) (2025) 219--237 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2025.09.001

Jos\'{e} A. Guerrero-D\'{\i}az-de-Le\'{o}n$^1$, Siegfried Mac\'{\i}as$^{2,3}$, Jorge E. Mac\'{\i}as-D\'{\i}az$^{3,4}$, Victoria Mart\'inez-Medina$^5$

$^1$ Departamento de Estad'{i}stica, Universidad Aut'{o}noma de Aguascalientes, Avenida Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico

$^2$ Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique D'{i}az de Le'{o}n No. 1144, Colonia Paseos de a, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco 47460, Mexico

$^3$ Departamento de Matem'{a}ticas y F'{i}sica, Universidad Aut'{o}noma de Aguascalientes, Avenida Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico

$^4$ Department of Mathematics and Didactics of Mathematics, Tallinn University. Narva mnt 25, Tallinn, 10120, Estonia

$^5$ Centro de Ciencias B'{a}sicas, Universidad Aut'{o}noma de Aguascalientes, Avenida Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags. 20100, Mexico

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Abstract

The present work reports on a device for the processing of electric signals and the physical interpretation of the outputs. The aim is to execute actions through external devices by analyzing the bioelectric signals from the human eye or electrooculograms (EOGs). More concretely, an EOG digital controller to work as assistive technology for motor disabled people is described. Various pairs of electrodes are used on an individual to capture EOG signals through a two-channel input module. Various gestures are defined. In the processing, the EOG signal is categorized in positive, negative and small values. A finite vector is used to count the sequences or runs of those values. After analyzing the last of those runs and if some proposed conditions are met, then that portion of the signal is marked as a desired pattern. The resulting method was tested in two applications. In the first application, the system controlled functions of a computer mouse and, in the second, keyboard functions were controlled through the proposed device. Additionally, a `robust' version of the system is presented. This version implements infrared sensor technology. With this technology, the number of patterns or gestures of the eye under recognition was increased.

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