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ISSN:2325-6192 (print)
ISSN:2325-6206 (online)
Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management
António Mendes Lopes (editor), Jiazhong Zhang(editor)
António Mendes Lopes (editor)

University of Porto, Portugal

Email: aml@fe.up.pt

Jiazhong Zhang (editor)

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China

Fax: +86 29 82668723 Email: jzzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

An Integrated Pollution Prevention Ecosystem for Small-Scale Production of Raw Coco-nut Jelly in Craft Villages —A Case Study from Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 8(3) (2020) 293--310 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2020.09.007

Le Thanh Hai$^{1}$, Tra Van Tung$^{1}$, Tran Van Thanh$^{1}$, Le Quoc Vi$^{1}$, Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao$^{1}$, Tran Thi Hieu$^{1}$, Son Le$^{2}$, Sibylle Braunegg$^{3}$, Gerhart Braunegg$^{4}$, Hans Schnitzer$^{3}$

$^{1}$ Institute for Environment and Resources, National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 740500, Vietnam

$^{2}$ Water and Environmental Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan

$^{3}$ Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz A-8010, Austria

$^{4}$ ARENA Research for Sustainable Resources, Graz A-8010, Austria

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Abstract

Raw coconut jelly is a popular byproduct of the coconut processing industry in the Asia Pacific which can enhance the added economic value for the local families in the rural area. However, the coconut jelly production has resulted in significant environmental impacts, particularly to the aquatic environment due to its heavily polluted wastewater e.g. very high values of COD (up to 120,000 mg/l), of total nitrogen (up to 1,740 mg/l), and of total phosphorus (up to 64 mg/l). The available wastewater treatment technology for such type of wastewater is likely to be not economically efficient due to the small-scale production at craft villages in the developing countries. This study developed and demonstrated an integrated eco-model for small (family) scale production of raw coconut jelly in craft villages which applied Cleaner Production sollutions for pollution prevention on the basis of available conditions at the local family. The system demonstration showed a win-win solution for family with major benefits by reduction of 90% of pollutants (i.e 27 kg COD, 21.4 kg BOD5, approx. 7 kg N, 113 g P and 28 kg SO42−for one production batch), as well as the other benefit by major reduction of 90 % of investment and operating costs of the wastewater treatment plant.

Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Vietnam National University of Ho ChiMinh City (VNU-HCM) under the grant number KHCN-TNB/14-19/C25. The authors also thank the Asean-European Academic University Network (Asea-Uninet) for financial support to collaboration between IER (VNU-HCM, Vietnam) and IPPE (TU Graz, Austria) to implement this study.

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